Spatial distribution theory of kemisk energilagringsfält

Traditionally, according to many regional development theories, the contribution of natural resources is considered of definitive importance to economic regional development and …

Does drive-level capacitance profiling predict the spatial and energetic distribution of trap states?

Ni et al. used drive-level capacitance profiling to map the spatial and energetic distribution of trap states in both polycrystalline and single-crystal perovskite solar cells. The interface trap densities were up to five orders of magnitude higher than the bulk trap densities.

What are the trap distributions in a perovskite thin film?

The trap distributions in bands I, II, and III of the perovskite thin film are centered at ~0.33, 0.38, and 0.52 eV, respectively. The spatial mapping of the tDOS in the perovskite thin film (Fig. 4D) revealed that the tDOSs at both interface regions were >100-fold higher than that in the film.

How can spatial randomness of nucleation and growth be measured?

It is worth mentioning that spatial randomness of the nucleation and growth phenomenon can be further evaluated when besides the Shannon entropy, multivariate distributions of surface co-occurrences be quantified to capture the disorder in spatial distribution and relative precipitation patterns 45.

How do charge trap states affect recombination in perovskite solar cells?

Charge trap states play an important role in the degradation of perovskite solar cells and other devices (12, 13). Knowledge of the distributions of trap states in space and energy is one of the most fundamental ingredients for understanding the impact of the charge traps on charge transport and recombination in perovskite materials and devices.

Can thermal admittance spectroscopy measure energy-dependent trap density in perovskite solar cells?

Thermal admittance spectroscopy (TAS) and thermally stimulated current methods have been broadly applied to measure the energy-dependent trap density of states (tDOS) in perovskite solar cells (14 – 16).

What is the spatial distribution of random-bond and random-field disorder components?

The spatial distribution of the random-bond and random-field disorder components is illustrated in Fig. 3 a. A purely symmetric distortion of a local hysteresis loop relative to the average (random bond) is mapped to a grey scale where white and black is a decrease and increase in the absolute value of nucleation bias, respectively.